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Ka'idar Aiki ta Bearings Mara Tank don Manyan Motoci

 

Bearings marasa tanki ga manyan motoci sune bearings masu birgima, galibibearings masu layi biyu masu kauri. Matsalar da aka saba samu a cikin bearings marasa tanki ita ce yawan zafi. A ƙasa, mun raba tsarin da ya dace, ƙa'idar aiki, da kuma dalilan da ke haifar da zafi fiye da kima a cikin bearings marasa tanki ga manyan motoci, kuma mun tattauna matakan da suka dace don rage gazawar bearings.

 

1. Tsarin Bearings Mara Tanki

Babban sassan bearing ɗin birgima mara tanki ya ƙunshi sassa bakwai: 1. Murfin rufewa; 2. Zoben waje; 3. Na'urori masu birgima; 4. Kekunan ƙarfe na filastik; 5. Zoben sarari; 6. Zoben ciki; 7. Haɗa murfin rufewa. Kayan haɗi sun haɗa da garkuwar baya, murfin gaba, farantin alama, ƙusoshi, zoben rufewa, da faranti masu hana sassautawa.

 

2. Ka'idar Aiki ta Bearings Mara Tanki

 

Tsarin gaba ɗaya na beyar birgima ya ƙunshi zobe na ciki, zoben waje, abubuwan birgima, keji, da zoben sarari.Bearings na birgimaAna aika ƙarfi da cimma mirgina ta hanyar birgima abubuwan birgima tsakanin zoben ciki da na waje. Zoben ciki yana dacewa sosai da littafin. Lokacin da ƙafafun ke juyawa, zoben ciki yana juyawa tare da littafin, yana jagorantar abubuwan birgima su juya a kan axis ɗinsu kuma su juya tare da hanyoyin tsere na zoben ciki da na waje. Bearings suna da radial da axial clearance don tabbatar da cewa abubuwan birgima za su iya juyawa cikin 'yanci. Motsin da ke tsakanin abubuwan birgima da zoben ciki da na waje yana birgima gaba ɗaya, ba zamewa ba. Kekunan yana riƙe da matsayin abubuwan birgima, yana hana karkatarwa da karo, kuma yana tabbatar da cewa abubuwan birgima sun rarraba daidai gwargwado a kan hanyoyin tsere.

 

3. Dalilan da ke haifar da zafi fiye da kima yayin aiki:

1. Man shafawa mai yawa

2. Rashin isasshen mai ko kuma lalacewarsa

3. Rashin isasshen sarari axial

4. Baƙi da ke cikin abin da ke cikin abin da ke cikin abin

5. Lalacewar ciki

1) Rashin kyawun kayan aiki ko maganin zafi.

2) Tasiri mara kyau yayin haɗuwa, wargazawa, tsaftacewa, sarrafawa, ko amfani.

3) Rashin dacewa tsakanin zoben ciki da sandar, ko tsakanin zoben waje da sirdi mai ɗaukar kaya.

4) Lalacewar waje ta gida, tsatsa, rashin daidaiton lodi, ko wuce gona da iri.

5) Rashin gajiya na yau da kullun na kayan.

 

6. Mummunan Yanayin Bogie

 

4. Matakan da za a bi don rage gazawar birgima

 

4.1 A kula sosai da ingancin kera da kula da bogies da wheelsets.

 

4.2 Gudanar da cikakken bincike kan ingancin tsarin birki na jirgin ƙasa.

 

4.3 Ƙarfafa haɗin gwiwa tsakanin sassa daban-daban, yana buƙatar direbobin jirgin ƙasa da ma'aikatan jirgin ƙasa su yi amfani da tsarin birkin jirgin ƙasa kamar yadda ake buƙata kuma su guji amfani da birkin gaggawa ba tare da amfani da shi ba.

 

Ƙara nauyi, mai da hankali kan aiki, kuma a guji cika birki da yawa yayin cika iska. A hankali a duba kuma a daidaita kayan gwajin jirgin ƙasa da kuma bawuloli masu daidaita matsin lamba na iska a kan jirgin ƙasa don kawar da lahani. Sashen kula da layin dogo ya kamata ya ƙarfafa kula da layin dogo don biyan buƙatun aminci na zirga-zirga da kuma ci gaba da inganta ingancin layin dogo; yayin ayyukan dakatarwa a tashoshi, a kula da saurin jirgin ƙasa kuma a rage amfani da birkin ƙafa; inda zai yiwu, a sanya na'urorin rage gudu masu lalata ƙafa a kan layin dogo. Lokacin ɗaukar kaya, a tabbatar da ɗaukar kaya daidai kuma a hana ɗaukar kaya da yawa, lodin da bai daidaita ba, da kuma lodi mai yawa.

 

3.4 Ci gaba da Inganta Tsarin Birki da Kayan Aiki na Mota

 

Domin biyan buƙatun ƙaruwar sauri, 1) ya kamata a rage birki na GK da wuri-wuri, a rage birki na nau'in 103 a hankali, sannan a inganta birki na nau'in 120 don tabbatar da cewa an daidaita aikin birki na jirgin ƙasa kuma an daidaita shi; 2) ya kamata a inganta tsarin bogie don rage girgiza da ƙara daidaiton gudu. Misali, don ƙara daidaiton firam ɗin gefe, ya kamata a ƙara na'urar tallafi mai kama da farantin tallafi na bazara tsakanin firam ɗin gefe biyu; ya kamata a ƙara bearings na gefe na hydraulic ko pads na bearings na gefe na roba a cikin bearings na gefe don rage gibin da ke tsakanin bearings na gefe na sama da na ƙasa ko don samar da bearings na gefe marasa gauraya; ya kamata a ƙara bearings na damping na roba tsakanin firam ɗin gefe da sirdi mai ɗaukar nauyi don guje wa hulɗa mai tsauri tsakanin abubuwan da ke ciki da girgiza ko ƙaura mai yawa yayin aiki, ta haka ne rage ƙarfi mai ƙarfi da ba dole ba tsakanin ƙafafun da dogayen layuka.