Me yasa yawancin injunan haƙar ma'adinai ke zaɓar bearings masu birgima maimakon bearings masu zamiya?

A matsayin wani muhimmin sashi a cikin kayayyakin injiniya, bearings suna taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen tallafawa shafts masu juyawa. Dangane da halaye daban-daban na gogayya a cikin bearings, bearings an raba su zuwa bearings masu gogayya (wanda ake kira bearings masu birgima) da bearings masu zamiya (wanda ake kira bearings masu zamiya). Nau'ikan bearings guda biyu suna da nasu halaye a cikin tsari, kuma kowannensu yana da nasa fa'idodi da rashin amfani a cikin aiki.

Kwatanta birgima da bearings marasa tsari

1. Kwatanta tsarin da yanayin motsi

Bambanci mafi bayyane tsakanin bearings na birgima dabearings masu sauƙishine kasancewar ko rashin abubuwan birgima.

Bearings ɗin da aka yi birgima suna da abubuwan birgima (ƙwallo, na'urori masu jujjuyawa, na'urori masu jujjuyawa, na'urori masu jujjuyawa) waɗanda suka dogara da juyawarsu don tallafawa shaft mai juyawa, don haka ɓangaren hulɗar wuri ne, kuma yawan abubuwan birgima, haka ma wuraren haɗuwa suke.

Bearings marasa tsariba su da abubuwan birgima kuma suna dogara da saman da ke da santsi don tallafawa shaft mai juyawa, don haka ɓangaren hulɗar saman ne.

 

Bambancin da ke cikin tsarin biyu yana nuna cewa yanayin motsi na beyar birgima yana birgima, kuma yanayin motsi na beyar birgima yana zamiya, don haka yanayin gogayya ya bambanta gaba ɗaya.

 

2. Kwatanta ƙarfin ɗaukar kaya

Gabaɗaya, saboda babban yankin ɗaukar bearing na zamiya, ƙarfin ɗaukar bearing ɗinsa gabaɗaya ya fi na birgima bearing girma, kuma ikon birgima bearing na ɗaukar nauyin tasiri ba shi da yawa, amma birgima mai man shafawa gaba ɗaya na iya ɗaukar babban nauyin tasiri saboda rawar da ke takawa wajen rage nauyi da kuma shaƙar girgiza saboda fim ɗin mai mai shafawa. Lokacin da saurin juyawa ya yi yawa, ƙarfin centrifugal na abubuwan birgima a cikin birgima bearing yana ƙaruwa, kuma ƙarfin ɗaukar bearing ɗinsa yana raguwa (hayaniya tana iya faruwa a manyan gudu). A yanayin bearing masu motsi masu motsi, ƙarfin ɗaukar bearing ɗinsu yana ƙaruwa tare da manyan gudu.

 

3. Kwatanta ma'aunin gogayya da juriyar gogayya ta farko

A yanayin aiki na yau da kullun, ma'aunin gogayya na bearings ɗin birgima ya yi ƙasa da na bearings marasa tsari, kuma ƙimar ta fi karko. Man shafawa na bearings masu zamiya yana da sauƙin shafar abubuwa na waje kamar gudu da girgiza, kuma ma'aunin gogayya ya bambanta sosai.

 

A lokacin farawa, juriyar ta fi ta bearing mai birgima girma saboda bearing mai zamiya bai samar da wani fim mai tsayayye ba tukuna, amma juriyar gogayya ta farko da kuma ma'aunin gogayya na aikin bearing mai zamiya mai hydrostatic ƙanana ne sosai.

 

4. Kwatanta saurin aiki da ya dace

Saboda ƙarancin ƙarfin centrifugal na abin birgima da kuma ƙaruwar zafin jiki na abin birgima, saurin abin birgima ba zai iya zama mai yawa ba, kuma gabaɗaya ya dace da yanayin aiki na matsakaici da ƙarancin gudu. Ba a cika amfani da man birgima mai ruwa ba saboda dumama da lalacewar abin birgima, saurin aiki bai kamata ya yi yawa ba. Babban aikin bearings masu man birgima mai ruwa-ruwa yana da kyau sosai, musamman lokacin da aka shafa man birgima mai ruwa-ruwa da iska, kuma saurin juyawarsu na iya kaiwa 100,000 r/min.

 

5. Kwatanta asarar wutar lantarki

Saboda ƙaramin ƙarfin gogayya na bearings masu birgima, asarar wutarsu gabaɗaya ba ta da yawa, wanda bai kai na bearings masu lubricated ruwa ba, amma zai ƙaru sosai idan aka shafa mai kuma aka shigar da shi yadda ya kamata. Asarar wutar gogayya na bearings masu lubricated ruwa cikakke yana da ƙasa, amma ga bearings masu lubricated hydrostatic, jimlar asarar wutar lantarki na iya zama mafi girma fiye da na bearings masu lubricated hydrostatic saboda asarar wutar famfon mai.

 

6. Kwatanta rayuwar sabis

Saboda tasirin riƙon abu da gajiya, galibi ana tsara bearings na birgima na tsawon shekaru 5-10, ko kuma a maye gurbinsu yayin gyara. Faɗin bearings ɗin da ba su cika ba da aka shafa wa ruwa suna lalacewa sosai kuma suna buƙatar a maye gurbinsu akai-akai. Rayuwar bearings ɗin da aka shafa wa ruwa cikakke ba ta da iyaka a ka'ida, amma a aikace gazawar kayan bearings na iya faruwa saboda zagayowar damuwa, musamman ga bearings masu ƙarfi.

 

7. Kwatanta daidaiton juyawa

Bearings na birgima gabaɗaya suna da daidaiton juyawa mai yawa saboda ƙaramin radial clearance. Bearings ɗin da aka shafa mai a cikin ruwa mara cika yana cikin yanayin shafa mai ko man shafawa mai gauraye, kuma aikin ba shi da tabbas, kuma lalacewa tana da tsanani, kuma daidaiton yana da ƙasa. Saboda kasancewar fim ɗin mai, matashin kai mai cike da man shafawa yana shakar girgiza tare da daidaito mai girma. Bearings na Hydrostatic plain suna da daidaiton juyawa mafi girma.

 

8. Kwatanta wasu fannoni

Bearings masu birgima suna amfani da mai, mai ko man shafawa mai ƙarfi, adadin yana da ƙanƙanta sosai, adadin yana da girma a babban gudu, ana buƙatar tsaftar man ya zama mai yawa, don haka ana buƙatar a rufe shi, amma bearings ɗin yana da sauƙin maye gurbinsa, kuma gabaɗaya ba ya buƙatar gyara littafin. Ga bearings marasa tsari, ban da bearings masu ƙanƙanta na ruwa, man shafawa gabaɗaya ruwa ne ko iskar gas, adadin yana da girma sosai, buƙatun tsaftar mai suma suna da yawa, ana buƙatar a maye gurbin bearings akai-akai, kuma wani lokacin ana gyara littafin.

 

Zaɓin bearings masu birgima da bearings masu sauƙi

Saboda yanayin aiki mai sarkakiya da bambancin gaske, babu wani mizani ɗaya da aka haɗa don zaɓar bearings na birgima da bearings masu zamiya. Saboda ƙaramin ƙarfin gogayya, ƙaramin juriya na farawa, jin daɗi, babban inganci, da daidaito, bearings na birgima suna da kyakkyawan damar musanya da sauƙin amfani, kuma suna da sauƙin amfani, mai da mai da kuma kula da su, kuma galibi ana ba su fifiko a zaɓi, don haka ana amfani da su sosai a cikin injunan gabaɗaya. Bearings na fili suna da wasu fa'idodi na musamman, waɗanda galibi ana amfani da su a wasu lokutan da ba za a iya amfani da bearings na birgima ba, marasa dacewa ko kuma ba tare da fa'idodi ba, kamar waɗannan lokutan:

 

1. Girman sararin radial yana da iyaka, ko kuma dole ne a raba shigarwar.

Saboda zoben ciki, zoben waje, abin birgima da keji a cikin tsarin, girman radial na birgima yana da girma, kuma aikace-aikacen yana iyakance zuwa wani matsayi. Ana samun bearings na birgima na allura lokacin da girman radial ya yi tsauri, kuma idan ya cancanta, ana buƙatar bearings na fili. Ga sassan da ba su da sauƙin samun bearings, ko kuma ba za a iya ɗora su daga alkiblar axial ba, ko kuma inda dole ne a raba sassan zuwa sassa, ana amfani da bearings na fili da aka raba.

 

2. Lokutan da suka dace sosai

Idan bearing da aka yi amfani da shi yana da buƙatun daidaito mai yawa, galibi ana zaɓar bearing mai zamiya, saboda fim ɗin mai mai shafawa na bearing mai zamiya zai iya hana girgiza, kuma idan daidaiton ya yi yawa sosai, za a iya zaɓar bearing mai zamiya mai hydrostatic kawai. Don injunan niƙa masu daidaito da daidaito, kayan aiki daban-daban na daidaito, da sauransu, ana amfani da bearings masu zamiya sosai.

 

3. Lokutan ɗaukar kaya masu nauyi

Bearings na birgima, ko bearings na ball ko bearings na birgima, suna da saurin kamuwa da zafi da gajiya a cikin yanayi mai nauyi. Saboda haka, idan nauyin ya yi yawa, galibi ana amfani da bearings masu zamiya, kamar injinan birgima, turbines na tururi, kayan haɗin injinan Aero da injinan haƙar ma'adinai.

 

4. Wasu lokutan

Misali, saurin aiki yana da girma musamman, girgiza da girgiza suna da girma sosai, kuma buƙatar yin aiki a cikin ruwa ko kafofin watsa labarai masu lalata, da sauransu, ana iya zaɓar bearings masu zamiya yadda ya kamata.

 

Ga wani nau'in injina da kayan aiki, amfani da bearings na birgima da bearings masu zamiya, kowannensu yana da nasa fa'idodi da rashin amfani, kuma ya kamata a zaɓi shi da kyau tare da ainihin aikin. A da, manyan da matsakaitan masu murƙushewa galibi suna amfani da bearings masu zamiya da aka jefa tare da babbitt, saboda suna iya jure manyan nauyin tasiri, kuma sun fi jure lalacewa da karko. Ana amfani da ƙaramin mai murƙushe muƙamuƙi galibi tare da bearings masu birgima, wanda ke da ingantaccen watsawa, yana da laushi kuma mai sauƙin kulawa. Tare da haɓaka matakin fasaha na kera bearings na birgima, yawancin manyan masu karya muƙamuƙi ana kuma amfani da su a cikin bearings na birgima.