Me yasa yawancin injinan hakar ma'adinai ke zabar birgima maimakon zamewa bearings?

A matsayin wani abu mai mahimmanci kuma mai mahimmanci a cikin samfuran injiniyoyi, bearings suna taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen tallafawa raƙuman juyawa. Dangane da kaddarorin juzu'i daban-daban a cikin ɗaukar hoto, an raba abin ɗamara zuwa jujjuyawar jujjuyawar jujjuyawar (wanda ake magana da shi azaman jujjuyawar jujjuyawar) da ɗimbin gogayya mai zamiya (ana nufin zamewar ɗaukar nauyi). Abubuwa biyu suna da nau'ikan abubuwan da nasu halaye a cikin tsari, kuma kowannensu yana da nasa damar da rashin amfanin sa a aiki.

Kwatanta mirgina da ɗimbin ɗaki

1. Kwatanta tsari da yanayin motsi

Bambanci mafi bayyane tsakanin mirgina bearings daa fili bearingsshine kasantuwar ko rashin abubuwan birgima.

Rolling bearings suna da abubuwa masu mirgina (ƙwallaye, cylindrical rollers, rollers, rollers, allura rollers) waɗanda suka dogara da jujjuyawar su don tallafawa juzu'in jujjuyawar, don haka ɓangaren lamba shine ma'ana, kuma ƙarin abubuwan da ke jujjuyawa, mafi yawan wuraren tuntuɓar.

Matsakaicin haskeba su da abubuwa masu jujjuyawa kuma dogara ga filaye masu santsi don tallafawa juzu'in jujjuyawar, don haka ɓangaren lamba wani fili ne.

 

Bambanci a cikin tsarin su biyu yana ƙayyade cewa yanayin motsi na mirgina yana motsawa, kuma yanayin motsi na zamewa yana zamewa, don haka yanayin rikici ya bambanta.

 

2. Kwatanta iya aiki

Gabaɗaya, saboda babban yanki na zamiya, ƙarfin ɗaukarsa gabaɗaya ya fi na na'urar birgima, kuma ƙarfin jujjuyawar ɗaukar tasirin tasirin ba ta da girma, amma gabaɗaya mai lubricated na ruwa zai iya ɗauka. babban tasiri mai tasiri saboda rawar da ake yi na kwantar da hankali da kuma girgiza girgiza saboda fim din mai mai mai mai. Lokacin da saurin juyawa ya yi girma, ƙarfin centrifugal na abubuwan da ke jujjuyawa a cikin jujjuyawar na'urar yana ƙaruwa, kuma ƙarfin ɗaukar nauyi yana raguwa (amo yana da saurin faruwa a cikin babban gudu). Game da batun bayyanannun wurare masu tsauri, ƙarfin da suke ɗauka tare da saurin gudu.

 

3. Kwatanta coefficient na gogayya da fara juriya

Ƙarƙashin yanayin aiki na yau da kullun, ƙimar juzu'in juzu'i ya yi ƙasa da na na'urorin birgima, kuma ƙimar ta fi karko. Lubrication na zamiya bearings yana da sauƙin shafar abubuwan waje kamar saurin gudu da rawar jiki, kuma ƙimar juzu'i ya bambanta sosai.

 

A lokacin farawa, juriya ya fi na na'ura mai jujjuya girma saboda ɗigon zamewar bai riga ya samar da ingantaccen fim ɗin mai ba, amma juriya na farawa da juriya mai aiki na ƙarfin zamewar hydrostatic kaɗan ne.

 

4. Kwatanta saurin aiki mai dacewa

Saboda ƙayyadaddun ƙarfin centrifugal na mirgina kashi da yawan zafin jiki na ɗamarar, saurin jujjuyawar ba zai iya zama babba ba, kuma gabaɗaya ya dace da yanayin aiki na matsakaici da ƙarancin gudu. Abubuwan da ba a cika ba na ruwa mai lubricated saboda dumama da lalacewa na ɗaukar nauyi, gudun aiki bai kamata ya yi girma ba. Ayyukan haɓaka mai girma na cikakkun kayan kwalliyar ruwa mai ƙoshin ruwa yana da kyau sosai, musamman ma lokacin da aka yi amfani da filayen filayen hydrostatic da iska, kuma saurin juyawarsu na iya kaiwa 100,000 r/min.

 

5. Kwatanta asarar wutar lantarki

Saboda ƙananan juzu'in juzu'i na birgima, asarar wutar su gabaɗaya ba ta da girma, wanda bai kai na na'urar mai mai mai da ba ta cika ba, amma zai ƙaru sosai idan an mai da kuma shigar da shi yadda ya kamata. Asarar wutar lantarki mai cike da ruwa mai ƙoshi ba ta da ƙarfi, amma ga filayen filayen ruwa, jimillar hasarar wutar na iya zama sama da na na'ura mai ƙarfi saboda asarar wutar lantarkin mai.

 

6. Kwatanta rayuwar sabis

Saboda tasirin ramin kayan abu da gajiya, ana yin birgima gabaɗaya don shekaru 5 ~ 10, ko maye gurbinsu yayin haɓakawa. Abubuwan da ba a cika ba na ɗigon ruwa mai lubricated suna sawa sosai kuma suna buƙatar maye gurbin su akai-akai. Rayuwar cikakken nau'in bearings mai mai mai ruwa ba ta da iyaka, amma a aikace gazawar kayan aiki na iya faruwa saboda hawan keke na danniya, musamman ga filaye masu tsauri.

 

7. Kwatanta daidaiton juyawa

Abubuwan jujjuyawa gabaɗaya suna da babban jujjuya daidaitaccen juzu'i saboda ƙaramin sharewar radial. Ruwan da ba a cika ba yana cikin yanayin lubrication na iyaka ko gauraye mai, kuma aikin ba shi da kwanciyar hankali, kuma lalacewa yana da tsanani, kuma daidaito yana da ƙasa. Saboda kasancewar fim ɗin mai, cikakkun matattarar ruwa mai lubricated mai ɗaukar ruwa kuma yana ɗaukar girgiza tare da daidaito mai girma. Gilashin ruwa na hydrostatic suna da daidaiton jujjuyawa mafi girma.

 

8. Kwatanta sauran bangarorin

Rolling bearings suna amfani da mai, maiko ko mai mai mai ƙarfi, adadin kaɗan ne, adadin yana da girma cikin sauri, ana buƙatar tsaftar mai don haka ana buƙatar rufe shi, amma ɗaukar nauyi yana da sauƙin maye gurbin. , kuma gabaɗaya baya buƙatar gyara jarida. Don ƙwanƙwasa a fili, ban da na'urar lubrication na ruwa da ba a cika ba, man shafawa gabaɗaya ruwa ne ko iskar gas, adadin yana da yawa sosai, tsaftar mai kuma yana da yawa sosai, ana buƙatar maye gurbin na'urar sau da yawa, wani lokacin kuma ana gyara mujallar. .

 

Zaɓin naɗaɗɗen birgima da ƙwanƙwasa a fili

Saboda hadaddun da yanayin aiki na ainihi daban-daban, babu ƙaƙƙarfan ma'auni don zaɓin birgima da ɗigon zamewa. Saboda ƙananan juriya na juriya, hankali, inganci mai kyau, da daidaitawa, mirgina bearings suna da kyakkyawar musanyawa da haɓakawa, kuma sun dace don amfani, mai mai da kulawa, kuma ana ba da fifiko gabaɗaya a zaɓi, don haka ana amfani da su ko'ina. injunan gabaɗaya. Ƙaƙƙarfan bearings da kansu suna da wasu fa'idodi na musamman, waɗanda galibi ana amfani da su a wasu lokatai inda ba za a iya amfani da bearings ba, marasa dacewa ko kuma ba tare da fa'ida ba, kamar su lokuta masu zuwa:

 

1. Girman sararin radial yana iyakance, ko kuma dole ne a raba shigarwa

Saboda zoben ciki, zobe na waje, nau'in mirgina da keji a cikin tsarin, girman radial na mirgina yana da girma, kuma aikace-aikacen yana iyakance zuwa wani iyaka. Ana samun nau'ikan nadi na allura lokacin da girman radial ya yi tsauri, kuma idan ya cancanta, ana buƙatar na'urar ta bayyana. Don sassan da ba su dace ba don samun bearings, ko kuma ba za a iya hawa su daga hanyar axial ba, ko kuma inda dole ne a raba sassan zuwa sassa, ana amfani da ɓangarorin tsaga.

 

2. Matsakaicin lokuta

Lokacin da abin da aka yi amfani da shi yana da madaidaicin buƙatun, ana zaɓin zamewar gabaɗaya, saboda fim ɗin mai mai mai na ɗigon zamewa zai iya ɗaukar ɗaukar girgiza, kuma lokacin da daidaito ya yi girma sosai, kawai za a iya zaɓin zamewar hydrostatic. Don ingantattun injunan niƙa da madaidaicin madaidaicin, na'urori masu dacewa daban-daban, da dai sauransu, ana amfani da ɗigon zamewa ko'ina.

 

3. Lokuttan nauyi mai nauyi

Gilashin jujjuyawar, ko ƙwalwar ƙwallon ƙafa ko abin nadi, suna da saurin zafi da gajiya a yanayi masu nauyi. Don haka, lokacin da nauyin ya yi girma, ana amfani da igiyoyin zamewa da yawa, kamar na'urorin mirgine, injin tururi, na'urorin injin iska da injin ma'adinai.

 

4. Wasu lokuta

Misali, saurin aiki yana da girma musamman, girgiza da rawar jiki suna da girma sosai, kuma buƙatar yin aiki a cikin ruwa ko kafofin watsa labarai masu lalata, da sauransu, ana iya zaɓar bearings na zamiya da hankali.

 

Don wani nau'i na kayan aiki da kayan aiki, aikace-aikace na mirgina bearings da zamewa bearings, kowanne yana da nasa abũbuwan amfãni da rashin amfani, kuma ya kamata a zabi da hankali a hade tare da ainihin aikin. A da, manya da matsakaitan ƙwanƙwasa gabaɗaya sun yi amfani da simintin zamiya da simintin gyare-gyare tare da babbitt, saboda suna iya jure babban nauyi mai tasiri, kuma sun fi jure lalacewa da kwanciyar hankali. Ana amfani da ƙananan muƙamuƙi mafi yawa tare da mirgina bearings, wanda ke da ingantaccen watsawa, ya fi dacewa da sauƙin kulawa. Tare da haɓaka matakin fasaha na masana'anta na jujjuyawar, ana kuma amfani da mafi yawan manyan masu fasa muƙamuƙi a cikin jujjuyawar.