Layin dogo na birgima
Bearings na jirgin ƙasa suna nufin bearings da ake amfani da su a cikin locomotives da birgima stock. Bearings ɗin da ke kan locomotives sun haɗa da bearings na akwatin axle, bearings na injin jan hankali, bearings na tsarin watsawa, bearings naúrar wutar lantarki da bearings na tsarin sanyaya, da sauransu, yayin da bearings ɗin da ke kan abin hawa galibi bearings ne na akwatin axle, akwatunan axle na motar fasinja galibi suna amfani da gajerun bearings na birgima cylindrical, kuma akwatunan axle na motocin jigilar kaya galibi suna amfani da bearings na birgima masu tauri, kuma iri-iri, tsari da aikin bearings na abin hawa suna kama da bearings na akwatin axle na locomotives.
1.Akwatin aksali mai ɗaukar nauyi
Tayar motar locomotive tana da alaƙa da jikin locomotive ta cikin akwatin axle, firam ɗin bazara da kuma na bogie, kuma mai ɗaukar akwatin axle yana ɗauke da nauyin bazara na locomotive da tasirin radial da axial na layin dogo akan dabaran, ban da watsa ƙarfin jan hankali da wasu ƙarin kaya da aka samar ta haka, don haka mai ɗaukar akwatin axle dole ne ya sami babban ƙarfin ɗaukar nauyi, zai iya jure girgiza da girgiza, kuma dole ne ya sami babban rai, aminci da aminci, ƙaramin girma da inganci; Mai sauƙin dubawa da kulawa, da sauransu. Saboda haka, mai ɗaukar bearings na locomotive galibi yana amfani da jerin bearings marasa daidaituwa da yanayin fasaha na musamman na ɗaukar nauyi, kuma bearings na birgima da aka saba amfani da su suna da waɗannan rukuni uku.
(1)Bearings na silindaYawancin motocin locomotives na diesel da na lantarki suna amfani da subearings na silindaAkwai manyan nau'i biyu.
1)Layuka huɗu na bearings na silinda
Bearing ɗin akwatin axle na locomotive na China shine na farko da aka yi amfani da shi, kuma mafi yawan adadin da aka ɗora shine nau'in na'urar jujjuyawar silinda mai layi huɗu mai lamba 972832. Bearing ɗin yana da ƙarfin kaya mai yawa da tsawon rai, kuma nauyinsa mai ƙarfi shine 1445kN. Tunda zai iya ɗaukar nauyin radial kawai, ba nauyin axial ba, ya zama dole a saita na'ura don jure ƙarfin axial a cikin akwatin axle.
2) Bearings na nadi mai layi biyu
Akwatunan axle na locomotive na Dongfanghong 2, 3, 5, 21 da Beijing na China duk suna amfani da bearings na cylindrical 982832T masu layi biyu, waɗanda ke ɗauke da ƙarfin radial, da kuma bearings na angular contact ball bear 146132T bear axial loads.
Amfanin amfani da bearings na juyawar zagaye shine babu na'urar ramawa mai karkata tsakanin akwatin axle da firam ɗin bogie. Bearings na akwatin axle na locomotive na dizal na ND2 shine bearings na juyawar zagaye mai siffar C. Samfurinsa yayi daidai da bearings na gida 3G4053736KT. Na'urorin juyawar wannan nau'in bearings suna da daidaito, zoben ciki ba shi da flange na waje, flange na tsakiya yana iya rabawa, na'urar juyawar tana da alaƙa da zoben waje, tsawon aiki mai inganci na na'urar juyawar ya fi tsayi, kuma tsawon sabis ɗin ya ɗan fi girma fiye da na bearings na juyawar zagaye mara daidaituwa tare da girman waje iri ɗaya.
Wannan nau'in bearing da ake amfani da shi a cikin akwatin axle na locomotive ɗin yana da bearing mai layi biyu mai kauri, kuma locomotive na dizal na ND5 yana da bearing na AP. Wannan nau'in bearing girmansa inci ɗaya ne, kuma ana amfani da shi sosai a B, C, D, E, F, G da sauran matakai, waɗanda ake amfani da su don nau'ikan axle daban-daban.
2.Ɗaukin motar jan hankali
(1) Bearing na injin jan hankali
Injin jan hankali shine babban kayan aiki a cikin tsarin watsawa na locomotives na lantarki da na diesel na lantarki, kuma bearing ɗin armature yana ɗaya daga cikin manyan abubuwan da ke cikinsa.
1)Bearings don watsawa na gefe ɗaya
Armature yawanci ana tallafawa shi da fulcrums biyu, ƙarshen fitarwa na kayan haɗin shine tallafin tafiya, kuma ƙarshen commutator shine tallafin matsayi. Ana sanya bearing ɗin fitarwa kusa da gear, wanda shine mafi damuwa, kuma shine mabuɗin bearings guda biyu na armature. Domin rage nauyin, ana amfani da nau'in NU na bearing ɗin silinda ba tare da flange na zobe na ciki ba. Ƙarshen commutator gabaɗaya yana ɗaukar nau'in bearing ɗin silinda na NUP tare da flange guda ɗaya tare da flange guda ɗaya tare da zobe mai lebur a kan zoben ciki, kuma akwai bearings na cylindrical tare da flange guda ɗaya tare da flange na ciki da zobe mai riƙe bevel a ƙarshen commutator.
2) Bearings don watsawa na gefe biyu
Idan ƙarfin motar ya yi yawa, idan har yanzu ana amfani da na'urar watsawa ta gefe ɗaya, nauyin ɗaukar kaya a ƙarshen gear ya yi yawa, kuma yana da wuya a zaɓi bearing ɗin da nauyin motsi mai ƙima da saurin ƙarshe zai iya cika buƙatun, don haka ana iya canza yanayin watsawa mai gefe biyu a ƙarƙashin yanayin da ƙirar motar ta ba da dama. Amfanin watsawa mai gefe biyu shine ana iya amfani da gear ɗin silinda na helical, don haka kusurwoyin helix na gear biyu sun yi daidai kuma alkiblar juyawa ta kasance akasin haka, don samun ingancin watsawa mai ƙarfi ba tare da samar da nauyin axial ba. Bearing ɗin da ya dace da wannan dalili shine nau'in NU mai ɗaukar kaya mai silinda ba tare da flange a cikin zoben ciki ba, idan har yanzu ana amfani da gear ɗin silinda na spur don watsawa mai gefe biyu, ya kamata a zaɓi bearing ɗin da zai iya jure wa wani ƙarfin axial, kuma gabaɗaya ana amfani da nau'in NJ mai ɗaukar kaya mai silinda tare da flange ɗaya a cikin zoben ciki.
(2)Ɗaurin shaft na motar jan hankali
Motocin jan hankali da aka ɗora a kan aksali yawanci ana tallafa musu a kan bogie da sandar daidaitawa a gefe ɗaya, kuma a ɗayan gefen da abin ɗagawa na shaft.Bearings na silinda, bearings masu siffar siffar zobekumabearings masu kaurian yi amfani da su.
Bearing mai siffar silindas sun dace da locomotives masu saurin gudu, kuma zagayowar sake cika mai suna da tsayi, kuma shigarwa da kulawa suna da sauƙi, musamman lokacin amfani da harsashi mai haɗawa, wannan fa'idar za a iya nuna ta sosai. Ƙarfin shigarwa na bearings masu taurare yana da kyau, wanda ke taimakawa wajen tabbatar da daidaiton gears, amma yana da wuya a daidaita haɗuwarsu da wargaza su da kuma sharewar axial. Shigar da seti biyu na bearings masu taurare, musamman wargaza su, ya fi wahala fiye da na bearings masu taurare, amma yana iya ɗaukar lanƙwasa shaft. Bearings ɗin shaft na injin jan hankali na locomotives na lantarki a China yana ɗaukar bearings mai taurare mai siffar ƙwallo, kuma samfurinsa shine 3G3053148T.
(3)Bearings na janareta mai jan hankali
Jikin injin jan wutar lantarki na zamani na dizal mai amfani da wutar lantarki yawanci ana sanya shi a ƙarshen fuskar jiki a ƙarshen fitarwa na injin dizal. Ko an shigar da shi ta wannan hanyar ko akasin haka, ƙarshen shigarwa na armature ba shi da bearings, kuma armature gabaɗaya ana tallafawa shi akan crankshaft ko shaft fitarwa na injin dizal ta hanyar haɗin roba, don rage girman janareta na tsayi.
Ana iya amfani da ƙarshen waje na shaft ɗin armature gabaɗaya tare dabearings na silinda, kuma wani lokacin domin ya fi dacewa a daidaita shi da injin dizal yayin shigarwa, ana iya amfani da bearings masu siffar zagaye.
3. Halayen tsarin watsawa na hydraulic na locomotives na diesel
Tsarin watsawa na hydraulic na locomotive dizal gabaɗaya ya ƙunshi sassa uku: akwatin watsawa na hydraulic, shaft na cardan, da akwatin gear axle. A wasu lokutan locomotives masu rufewa suna haɗa da akwatin gear mai yanayin aiki, wanda aka sanya masa adadi mai yawa na bearings masu birgima.
(1) Na'urar gearbox mai ɗaukar kaya
Yanayin aiki na akwatin watsawa na hydraulic shine a mayar da ƙarfin injin dizal zuwa ƙarfin locomotive mai tuƙi ta hanyar na'urar canza juyi ta hydraulic lokacin da ake jan jirgin; Lokacin amfani da birki mai ƙarfi, ana amfani da birkin hydraulic don shan kuzarin motsi na ƙafafun locomotive. An shirya wasu tsarin shaft a cikin akwatin gear na hydraulic, kuma goyon bayan kowane shaft duk yana tare da bearings masu birgima.
(2) Matsakaici mai ɗaukar akwatin gear
Babban sassan akwatin gear na tsakiya sune shaft ɗin shigarwa da shaft ɗin fitarwa kowannensu yana da gears biyu, kuma gear ɗin da ke kan ɗayan shaft ɗin shine gear ɗin juyawa, kuma shaft ɗin da gear ɗinsa suna da tsarin kamawa, wanda zai iya sa ɗaya daga cikin gears ɗin ya haɗu da shaft ɗin da ƙarfin watsawa; Sauran gear ɗin kawai suna aiki a wannan yanayin. Ana shirya gear ɗin juyawa da clutch ɗin akan shaft ɗin shigarwa, saboda ƙarfin shigarwar ƙarami ne, wanda hakan ke taimakawa wajen rage girman clutch ɗin spline da girman bearing ɗin.
(3) Ɓargaren akwatin gear na Axle
4. Ɓangaren crankshaft na injin dizal
Babban fa'idodin injin dizal crankshaft bearing ta amfani da birgima bearing sun takaita ne ga injin dizal mai saurin gudu, wanda shine: ƙarancin gogayya, ingantaccen injina, aiki mai inganci da tsawon rai; Sauƙin shafawa, ƙaramin girman radiator mai, da sauransu. Idan aka kwatanta da amfani da bearing masu zamiya, manyan rashin amfanin sa sune: farashi mai yawa, babban inganci, buƙatun fasaha masu yawa don haɗa bearing da crankshafts, kulawa da maye gurbin da ba su dace ba, da kuma babban hayaniya.
Ga ƙananan injinan dizal masu silinda ɗaya da silinda biyu, galibi ana amfani da bearings masu birgima na aji 0; Ga injinan dizal masu sauri da ƙarfi, saboda manyan nauyinsu, bearings masu silinda ne kawai ake amfani da su gabaɗaya.
Lokacin Saƙo: Yuli-28-2025
