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Ci gaban Kayan Aikin Birgima

 

In mirgina bearingKera, halayen kayan aiki suna ƙayyade tsawon rayuwar bearings, amincinsu, da kuma yanayin aiki da ya dace. A halin yanzu, sassan bearings har yanzu ana yin su ne da ƙarfe mai ɗauke da sinadarin carbon chromium, kamar GCr15 da GCr15SiMn na gama gari. A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, tare da haɓaka kayan aiki zuwa ga mafi girman gudu, nauyi mai nauyi, yanayin zafi mai yawa, da kuma yanayin aiki mai rikitarwa, ana ci gaba da haɓaka kayan bearings, galibi suna nuna waɗannan jagororin haɓakawa:

 

1. Babban Taurin Ƙarfe Mai Hana Ƙarfe

 

Domin biyan buƙatun manyan sassan ɗaukar kaya masu kauri da kauri, masana'antar ta ƙirƙiro ƙarfe masu ƙarfi da ƙarfi, kamar GCr15SiMo da GCr18Mo. Waɗannan kayan za su iya samun tsari mai ƙarfi iri ɗaya a manyan sassan da ke da girma, wanda ke inganta ƙarfi da gajiyar sassan gaba ɗaya, kuma sun dace da manyan bearings da kayan aiki masu nauyi.

 

2. Karfe Mai Tauri a Sama

 

Ana amfani da ƙarfe mai tauri na saman GCr4 a cikin kayan aiki masu nauyi kamar motocin jirgin ƙasa da injin niƙa mai birgima. Ta hanyar amfani da dumama mai matsakaicin mita da sanyaya cikin sauri, ana iya samun wani Layer mai tauri na wani zurfin a saman sassan, wanda ke ba da bearing duka tauri mai girma da kuma tauri mai girma, ta haka yana inganta juriyar gajiya da juriyar tasiri.

 

3. Sabbin Nau'ikan Karfe Mai Haɗa Bakin Karfe

Karfe na gargajiya kamar 9Cr18 da 9Cr18Mo (440C) suna da juriyar tsatsa, amma suna iya samar da kauri mai kauri, wanda ke shafar rayuwar gajiya da ingancin saman. Karfe mai kauri 0.7C-13Cr wanda aka haɓaka a cikin 'yan shekarun nan, ta hanyar rage yawan sinadarin carbon da chromium da kuma rage yawan sinadarin eutectic carbide, yana ƙara inganta aikin gajiyar hulɗa, tauri, da juriyar tsatsa na bearings. Ana amfani da shi sosai a cikin bearings masu hana tsatsa, kamar bearings na hard drive da bearings na kayan aikin likita.

 

4. Karfe Mai Ƙarfi Mai Girma

 

Karfe masu ɗaukar nauyin GT, ta hanyar ingantaccen tsarin haɗakar ƙarfe, suna inganta ƙarfi da tauri na matrix da kuma haɓaka daidaiton yanayin zafi. Ya dace da ƙirar ɗaukar nauyin nauyi ko mai sauƙi, suna da kyakkyawan tsawon rai na sabis a ƙarƙashin yanayin shafa mai tsafta.

 

5. Karfe Mai Juriya Ga Gurɓatawa

 

A aikace-aikace na zahiri, ƙura ko ɓarna a cikin mai mai shafawa na iya haifar da ɓoyayyen abu a saman mai ɗaukar man, wanda ke haifar da yawan damuwa da kuma fitar da gajiya da wuri. Don magance wannan batu, Japan ta ƙirƙiro jerin ƙarfe masu jure gurɓatawa (kamar TF, HTF, STF, NTF, da sauransu).

 

Ta hanyar inganta yawan sinadarin carbon da kuma rabon sinadaran da aka haɗa, kayan suna samar da ƙarin carbide masu kyau kuma suna ƙara yawan austenite da aka riƙe, ta haka suna rage yawan damuwa a gefunan shiga. Kwarewa ta aiki ta nuna cewa bearings da aka yi da ƙarfe na jerin TF na iya samun tsawon rai sau 4-10 a ƙarƙashin yanayin gurɓataccen mai.

 

6. Karfe Mai Zafin Zafi Mai Sauƙi

Idan aka yi amfani da bearings na GCr15 na yau da kullun a cikin yanayi daga 100℃ zuwa 200℃, wani yanki mai haske mai haske "fari mai haske" mai ƙarancin tauri yana samuwa cikin sauƙi a kan layin ƙasa na kayan, don haka yana rage rayuwar bearings. Don magance wannan matsalar, an ƙirƙiri ƙarfe masu zafi kamar NTJ2 da KUJ7. Ta hanyar ƙara abubuwan da ke cikin abubuwa kamar Cr, Si, da Mo yadda ya kamata, ana danne samuwar yankuna masu haske masu haske, wanda ke ba da damar bearings su kiyaye rayuwa mai kyau da kwanciyar hankali koda a 150℃～180℃. Ana amfani da waɗannan kayan sosai a cikin injunan mota, janareto, da kayan aiki masu zafi.

 

7. Karfe Mai Zafin Zafi Mai Yawa

A yanayin aiki mai zafi da sauri kamar na sararin samaniya, kayan gargajiya ba su isa ba. Karfe masu ɗaukar zafi na farko kamar T1, T2, T10, da M50, duk da cewa suna da tauri mai zafi, suna da yawan abubuwan da ke cikin ƙarfe da tsada mai yawa.

 

A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, Turai da Amurka sun ƙirƙiro sabon ƙarni na ƙarfe masu ƙarfin zafi, kamar M50NiL, CBS1000, da RBD. Daga cikinsu, M50NiL shine mafi yawan amfani. Bayan yin carburizing, ƙananan carbide suna fitowa a saman, suna haifar da damuwa mai ƙarfi. Taurin zuciyarsa na iya kaiwa sau 2.5 fiye da M50, wanda ke haifar da ƙarin gajiya. A halin yanzu, ana amfani da shi galibi a fannoni na kayan aiki masu ƙarfi kamar bearings na babban injin-inji. Gabaɗaya, haɓaka kayan bearings masu birgima yana ci gaba da ci gaba zuwa ga ƙarfi mafi girma, aminci mafi girma, juriya ga gurɓatawa, juriya ga tsatsa, da aikin zafin jiki mai yawa. Tare da haɓaka jiragen sama, sabbin kayan aiki na makamashi, da masana'antu masu ƙarfi, bincike da amfani da sabbin kayan bearings za su ci gaba da zurfafa, suna ba da goyon bayan fasaha mai ƙarfi don inganta aikin bearings.