labarai

Tsarin Bearing na Crankshaft, Daidaitawa, da Hanyoyin Tallafawa

 

I. Bukatun Aiki da Amfani naBearings na Crankshaft

Bearings ɗin crankshaft sun haɗa da bearings ɗin sanda masu haɗawa da manyan bearings. Aikinsu shine kare mujallu da bearings, rage gogayya da lalacewa. Suna canza ƙarfin iskar gas da aka watsa daga haɗuwar sandar piston zuwa ƙarfin juyi don fitarwa na waje. Hakanan ana amfani da su don tuƙa jirgin bawul na injin da sauran na'urori masu taimako daban-daban.

 

Bukatun Amfani: Duk suna jure wa lodin da ke canzawa da kuma gogayya mai sauri; saboda haka, kayan ɗaukar kaya dole ne su sami isasshen ƙarfin gajiya, ƙarancin gogayya, juriyar lalacewa, da juriyar tsatsa.

 

II. TsarinBearings na Crankshaft

 

Duk bearings ɗin sanda masu haɗawa da manyan bearings sun ƙunshi harsashin bearings na sama da na ƙasa waɗanda aka haɗa su wuri ɗaya. Kowace harsashin bearings ta ƙunshi wani ƙarfe da kuma wani Layer na ƙarfe mai hana gogayya, ko kuma wani Layer na ƙarfe mai hana gogayya, wani Layer na ƙarfe mai hana gogayya, da kuma Layer mai laushi na plating. Ana kiran na farko harsashin bearings mai layuka biyu, na biyu kuma ana kiransa harsashin bearings mai layuka uku.

 

1. Karfe Baya da kuma Tsarin Hana Gogayya

Karfe mai tushe shine kayan harsashin ɗaukar kaya, wanda aka yi da ƙarfe mai ƙarancin carbon mai kauri 1-3mm. Tsarin hana gogayya shine ƙarfe mai kauri 0.3 ~ 0.7mm mai hana gogayya, wanda yake da laushi kuma yana iya kare littafin.

 

Kayan aikin hana gogayya:

 

(1) Farar ƙarfe (Babbitt alloy): Kyakkyawan aikin hana gogayya, amma ƙarancin ƙarfin injina da rashin juriyar zafi. Ana amfani da shi sosai a cikin injunan mai masu ƙarancin kaya.

 

(2) Garin da ke ɗauke da gubar tagulla: Ƙarfin injina mai yawa, ƙarfin ɗaukar kaya mai yawa, da kuma juriyar zafi mai kyau. Ana amfani da shi galibi a cikin injunan dizal masu ɗaukar kaya masu yawa. Duk da haka, aikin hana gogayya ba shi da kyau.

 

(3) Garin da aka yi da aluminum: Akwai nau'i uku: garin da aka yi da aluminum-antimony-magnesium, garin da aka yi da aluminum-low tin, da kuma garin da aka yi da aluminum mai yawan tin. Biyu na farko suna da kyawawan halaye na injiniya da ƙarfin ɗaukar kaya, amma ba su da kyau wajen hana gogayya. Ana amfani da su galibi a cikin injunan dizal; na biyun yana da kyawawan halaye na injiniya da kuma aikin hana gogayya, kuma ana amfani da shi sosai a cikin injunan dizal da fetur.

 

2. Maƙallin matsayi da ramin mai

 

Bearing ɗin sandar haɗawa yana da maɓalli na sanyawa, wanda ake amfani da shi don sakawa cikin ramin sanyawa na babban ƙarshen sandar haɗawa da murfin sandar haɗawa yayin shigarwa don hana bearing ɗin motsawa baya da gaba ko juyawa. Itacen bearing ɗin kuma yana da ramukan mai da ramukan mai, waɗanda ya kamata a daidaita su da ramukan mai da suka dace yayin shigarwa.

 

III.Bearing na CrankshaftƘarfin 'Yanci da Daidaita Shige-tsage

 

1. Ƙarfin 'Yanci: Radius na lanƙwasa na daji mai ɗaukar nauyi a yanayinsa na 'yanci ya ɗan fi girma fiye da radius na wurin zama mai ɗaukar nauyi. Bambancin diamita ana kiransa 'yanci ko buɗewa. Ga injunan mai, gabaɗaya 0.8 ~ 1.5mm ne, kuma ga injunan dizal, 1.5 ~ 2.5mm ne.

 

2. Daidaita Tsangwama: Saboda kewayen waje na daji mai ɗaukar kaya ya ɗan fi girma fiye da kewayen wurin zama mai ɗaukar kaya, ana samun wani tsari na tsangwama bayan an matse sandunan haɗin. Wannan yana tabbatar da cewa daji mai ɗaukar kaya bai juya, canzawa, ko girgiza ba yayin aiki, wanda ke ba da damar daidaitawa tsakanin daji mai ɗaukar kaya da wurin zama mai ɗaukar kaya don sauƙaƙe watsa zafi. Hawan da ke kan beyar gabaɗaya shine 0.04 ~ 0.09mm.

 

Dubawa: Bayan shigar da beyar a cikin kujerar beyar, a matse kusoshin a ɓangarorin biyu zuwa ga ƙarfin da masana'anta suka ƙayyade. Sannan, a sassauta bol ɗin a gefe ɗaya gaba ɗaya sannan a yi amfani da ma'aunin feller don duba sarari tsakanin wurin beyar da beyar da kuma beyar. Wannan sarari shine beyar da ke sama. IV. Beyar da ke kan crankshaft

 

Aikin Bearing na Crankshaft: Lokacin da abin hawa ke motsi, fedalin kamawa yana shafa tura axial zuwa ga crankshaft, wanda ke haifar da motsi na axial. Motsin axial da ya wuce kima zai shafi aikin yau da kullun na haɗa sandar piston kuma ya kawo cikas ga lokacin bawul da lokacin allurar injin dizal. Ana buƙatar bearing na turawa don tabbatar da matsayin axial na crankshaft.

 

Ana iya shigar da bearings na turawa a wuri ɗaya kawai don tabbatar da cewa crankshaft zai iya faɗaɗawa cikin 'yanci lokacin da aka dumama shi. Manyan nau'ikan sun haɗa da:

 

1. harsashi mai siffar flanged bearing

 

2. Wanke-wanke masu matsawa na Semi-da'ira

 

3. Wanke-wanke masu matsewa da'ira

 

Gargaɗi Game da Shigarwa: Gefen injin wanki mai layman hana gogayya (gefen da ke da ramin mai) yana fuskantar sassan da ke juyawa. Lokacin da injin wanki ya matsa gaba, injin wanki na baya yana ɗaukar turewar axial; lokacin da ya matsa baya, injin wanki na gaba yana ɗaukar turewar axial.

 

Daidaitawar Axial Clearance: A maye gurbin da wankin turawa masu kauri daban-daban, ko kuma a canza kauri na wankin turawa. (Matsakaicin yawanci shine 0.07 ~ 0.17mm, tare da iyaka da aka yarda da ita ta 0.25mm).

 

V. Hanyoyin Tallafawa Crankshaft

Ana kiran crankshaft mai babban journal tsakanin kowace crankshaft guda biyu da ke kusa da shi crankshaft mai cikakken goyon baya; in ba haka ba, ana kiransa crankshaft mai goyon baya kaɗan.

 

1. Cikakken tallafi na Crankshaft:

 

Fa'idodi: Yana ƙara tauri da ƙarfin lanƙwasawa; yana rage nauyin da ke kan manyan bearings.

 

Rashin Amfani: Yana ƙara yawan saman da aka yi amfani da shi a kan crankshaft, yana ƙara yawan manyan bearings, kuma yana ƙara tsayin injin.

 

Aikace-aikace: Ana amfani da su sosai; injunan dizal gabaɗaya suna amfani da wannan hanyar tallafi.

 

2. Crankshaft da aka Tallafawa kaɗan:

 

Fa'idodi: Yana rage tsawon crankshaft, yana rage tsawon injin gaba ɗaya.

 

Rashin amfani: Yana buƙatar ƙarin kaya akan manyan bearings.

 

Aikace-aikace: Injinan mai waɗanda ke da ƙarancin buƙatun kaya za su iya amfani da wannan hanyar.