Halaye, bambance-bambance da amfani da nau'ikan bearings guda goma sha huɗu
Bearings sune mafi mahimmancin sassan injina da kayan aiki. Babban aikinsa shine tallafawa jikin juyawa na injina don rage yawan gogayya na nauyin injina na kayan aiki yayin aikin watsawa.
Dangane da alkiblar ɗaukar kaya ko kusurwar tuntuɓar mara suna, an raba bearing zuwa: bearing radial, bearing put.
Dangane da nau'in abin birgima, an raba shi zuwa: bearing na ball, bearing na nadi.
Dangane da ko za a iya daidaita shi, an raba shi zuwa: bearing mai daidaitawa kai tsaye, bearing mara daidaitawa kai tsaye (bearing mai tsauri).
Dangane da adadin ginshiƙan abubuwan birgima, an raba shi zuwa: ɗaukar layi ɗaya, ɗaukar layi biyu, da ɗaukar layi da yawa.
Dangane da ko za a iya raba sassan, an raba shi zuwa: ɗaukar nauyin da za a iya rabawa, ɗaukar nauyin da ba za a iya rabawa ba.
Bugu da ƙari, akwai rarrabuwa ta hanyar siffa da girma na tsari.
Wannan labarin ya ƙunshi halaye, bambance-bambance da kuma amfani da bearings guda 13 da suka dace.
1. Bearings na ƙwallon lamba na kusurwa
Akwai kusurwar hulɗa tsakanin zobe da ƙwallon, kusurwar hulɗa ta yau da kullun ita ce 15°, 30° da 40°, mafi girman kusurwar hulɗa, mafi girman ƙarfin ɗaukar nauyin axial, ƙaramin kusurwar hulɗa, mafi dacewa ga juyawa mai sauri, bearing ɗin layi ɗaya zai iya ɗaukar nauyin radial da nauyin axial na unidirectional. A tsarin gini, bearings biyu masu kusurwa ɗaya masu haɗin baya suna raba zoben ciki da na waje, kuma suna iya ɗaukar nauyin radial da nauyin axial na bidirectional.
Babban Aikace-aikace:
Layi ɗaya: sandar kayan aikin injin, injin mai yawan mita, injin turbine na gas, mai raba centrifugal, ƙaramin ƙafafun gaba na mota, shaft ɗin pinion daban.
Layi biyu: famfon mai, injin hura iska, na'urar sanyaya iska, na'urorin watsawa daban-daban, famfunan shigar mai, injinan bugawa.
2. Bearings na ƙwallon da ke daidaita kai
Ƙwallon ƙarfe mai layi biyu, hanyar tseren zobe ta waje nau'in zagaye ne, don haka yana iya daidaita daidaiton shaft ta atomatik wanda ya faru sakamakon karkacewa ko rashin daidaiton shaft ko gida, kuma ana iya ɗora bearing mai tauri a kan shaft cikin sauƙi ta amfani da manne, galibi don ɗaukar nauyin radial.
Babban amfani: injinan aikin katako, sandar watsa kayan yadi, da kuma bearing mai siffar ƙwallo a tsaye.
Wannan nau'in bearing yana da na'urori masu zagaye tsakanin zoben waje na hanyar tsere mai zagaye da zoben ciki na hanyar tsere mai zagaye biyu, bisa ga tsarin ciki daban-daban, an raba shi zuwa nau'i huɗu: R, RH, RH da SR, saboda cibiyar baka ta hanyar tseren zoben waje ta yi daidai da tsakiyar bearing, tana da aikin daidaita kai, don haka tana iya daidaita daidaiton shaft ta atomatik sakamakon karkacewa ko rashin daidaiton shaft ko harsashi, kuma tana iya ɗaukar nauyin radial da nauyin axial mai hanyoyi biyu.
Babban amfani: injinan yin takarda, na'urar rage farashi, axle na abin hawa na jirgin ƙasa, wurin zama na akwatin gear na injin birgima, teburin birgima na injin birgima, injin niƙa, allon girgiza, injinan bugawa, injinan aikin katako, na'urorin rage farashi na masana'antu daban-daban, bearings masu daidaita kansu a tsaye tare da kujeru.
4.Bearings masu siffar siffar zobe
An shirya na'urorin zagaye masu zagaye a cikin wannan nau'in bearing, saboda saman hanyar tsere ta zoben wurin zama mai siffar ƙwallo ne, yana da ikon daidaita kansa, don haka yana iya barin shaft ɗin ya sami wasu karkacewa, ƙarfin ɗaukar axial yana da girma sosai, kuma yana iya ɗaukar nauyin radial da yawa yayin ɗaukar nauyin axial, kuma galibi ana amfani da man shafawa mai yayin amfani.
Babban amfani: janareta na wutar lantarki, injinan tsaye, shafts na propeller ga jiragen ruwa, masu rage rage gudu don sukurori a cikin injinan birgima na ƙarfe, cranes na hasumiya, injinan kwal, masu fitar da iska, da injunan samar da iska.
Waɗannan bearings an sanye su da na'urorin birgima na teburi masu zagaye, waɗanda aka shirya su da babban flange na zobe na ciki, wanda aka tsara ta yadda gefunan saman zoben tsere na ciki, saman zoben tsere na waje da kuma saman da aka yi wa lanƙwasa na saman birgima na nadi suka haɗu a wani wuri a kan layin tsakiya na bearing. Bearings na layi ɗaya na iya jure wa nauyin axial na radial da unidirectional, kuma bearings na layi biyu na iya jure wa nauyin axial na radial da bidirectional, waɗanda suka dace da ɗaukar nauyi da nauyin girgiza.
Babban amfani: motoci: ƙafafun gaba, ƙafafun baya, na'urorin watsawa, bambance-bambance, shafts na pinion. Sandan kayan aikin injina, injinan gini, manyan injinan noma, na'urar rage kayan aikin motar jirgin ƙasa, wuyan niƙa mai birgima da na'urar rage gudu.
6.Bearings na ƙwallon rami mai zurfi
A tsarin gini, kowace zobe ta beyar ƙwallon tsagi mai zurfi tana da hanyar tsere mai ci gaba tare da giciye-sashe na kusan kashi ɗaya bisa uku na kewayen equater na ƙwallon. Ana amfani da beyar ƙwallon tsagi mai zurfi don ɗaukar nauyin radial, amma kuma suna iya ɗaukar wasu nauyin axial.
Idan radial clearance na bearing ya ƙaru, yana da halaye na kusurwar contact ball bearings kuma yana iya jure nauyin axial a juz'i biyu. Idan aka kwatanta da sauran nau'ikan bearings masu girman iri ɗaya, wannan nau'in bearing yana da ƙaramin coefficient na gogayya, babban gudu na ƙarshe da babban daidaito, kuma shine nau'in bearing da aka fi so ga masu amfani lokacin zaɓar nau'in.
Babban amfani: motoci, taraktoci, kayan aikin injina, injina, famfunan ruwa, injinan noma, injinan yadi, da sauransu.
7. Bearings na ƙwallo mai ƙarfi
Ya ƙunshi zoben da aka yi da siffa mai siffar wanki tare da hanyar tsere da kuma haɗa ƙwallon da keji, kuma zoben da ya dace da sandar ana kiransa zoben shaft, kuma zoben da ya dace da wurin ajiye motoci ana kiransa zoben wurin zama. An haɗa bearing mai hanyoyi biyu da sandar sirri ta zoben tsakiya, kuma bearing mai hanya ɗaya zai iya ɗaukar nauyin axial mai hanya ɗaya, kuma bearing mai hanya biyu zai iya ɗaukar nauyin axial mai hanya biyu (babu ɗayan da zai iya ɗaukar nauyin radial).
Babban amfani: fil ɗin tuƙi na mota, sandunan kayan aikin injin.
8.Bearings na juyawa masu juyawa
Ana amfani da bearings na thrust don ɗaukar nauyin axial a matsayin babban shaft, haɗin meridional, amma nauyin meridional bai kamata ya wuce kashi 55% na nauyin axial ba. Idan aka kwatanta da sauran bearings na thrust, wannan nau'in bearing yana da ƙarancin abin da ke haifar da gogayya, saurin juyawa mafi girma da ikon daidaitawa kai tsaye. Na'urorin 29000 bearings masu zagaye ne marasa daidaituwa, waɗanda za su iya rage zamewar sandar da hanyar tsere a cikin aikin, kuma na'urorin thrust suna da tsayi da girma, diamita yana da girma, adadin na'urorin thrust yana da girma, kuma ƙarfin kaya yana da girma.
Babban amfani: janareta na hydroelectric, ƙugiya.
Yawanci ana shiryar da na'urorin jujjuyawar silinda ta hanyar amfani da flanges guda biyu na zoben ɗaukar nauyi ɗaya, kuma na'urorin jujjuyawar keji da zoben jagora suna samar da haɗin sassa, waɗanda za a iya raba su da sauran zoben ɗaukar nauyi, wanda ke cikin bearings masu rabuwa.
Irin wannan shigarwar bearing ya fi dacewa a wargaza shi, musamman lokacin da zoben ciki da na waje, shafts da harsashi suka dace. Waɗannan bearing galibi ana amfani da su ne kawai don ɗaukar nauyin radial, kuma bearing guda ɗaya kawai tare da flanges a cikin zoben ciki da na waje za su iya jure ƙananan nauyin axial na yau da kullun ko manyan nauyin axial na lokaci-lokaci.
Babban amfani: manyan injina, sandunan kayan aikin injina, akwatunan axle, crankshafts na injin dizal, motoci, akwatunan ƙaramin akwati tare da yawan ƙwaƙwalwa, da sauransu.
10.Ƙwallon lamba mai maki huɗu mai lamba
Yana iya ɗaukar nauyin radial da nauyin axial mai kusurwa biyu, bearing guda ɗaya zai iya maye gurbin bearing ɗin ƙwallon hulɗa mai kusurwa na haɗin gaba ko haɗin baya, kuma ya dace don ɗaukar nauyin axial mai tsarki ko nauyin haɗawa tare da babban ɓangaren nauyin axial, wannan nau'in bearing zai iya samar da ɗaya daga cikin kusurwoyin hulɗa lokacin ɗaukar nauyin axial a kowace hanya, don haka zobe da ƙwallon koyaushe suna hulɗa da ɓangarorin biyu na layin hulɗa.
Babban amfani: injunan jiragen sama, injinan iskar gas.
11.Bearings na silinda masu juyawa
Ya ƙunshi zoben da aka yi da wanki (zoben shaft, zoben zama) da kuma na'urar jujjuyawa da kuma haɗa keji mai siffar silinda. Na'urorin jujjuyawar silinda an yi su ne da injina, don haka rarraba matsin lamba tsakanin na'urorin jujjuyawar da saman hanyar tsere iri ɗaya ne, kuma yana iya jure wa nauyin axial mai kusurwa ɗaya, tare da babban ƙarfin ɗaukar nauyi na axial da ƙarfi mai ƙarfi na axial.
Babban amfani: injinan haƙa mai, injinan ƙarfe da ƙarfe.
Bear ɗin da aka raba ya ƙunshi zoben hanyar tsere tare da naɗin allura da haɗa keji, kuma ana iya haɗa shi da siraran zoben hanyar tsere ko kuma zoben hanyar tsere mai kauri da aka yanke. Bear ɗin da ba za a iya raba shi ba bear ne mai haɗaka wanda ya ƙunshi zoben hanyar tsere da naɗin allura da haɗa keji wanda aka buga daidai gwargwado, wanda zai iya ɗaukar nauyin axial ɗaya, wannan nau'in bear yana ɗaukar ƙaramin sarari, wanda ya dace da ƙirar injina kaɗan, kuma yawancinsu suna amfani da naɗin allura da haɗa keji ne kawai, kuma ana amfani da saman shaft da harsashi a matsayin saman hanyar tsere.
Babban amfani: Na'urorin watsawa ga motoci, masu noma, kayan aikin injina, da sauransu.
13.Bearings masu siffar ƙwallo
Wannan nau'in bearing yana da na'urar jujjuya tebur mai zagaye (babban ƙarshensa mai siffar zagaye ne), ana shirya na'urar daidai da zoben tseren (zoben shaft, zoben gida) flange, ƙirar tana sa zoben shaft da saman hanyar tsere na zoben kujera da saman kowane mazugi na saman birgima na na'urar haɗuwa a wani wuri akan layin tsakiyar bearing, bearing mai hanya ɗaya zai iya ɗaukar nauyin axial mai hanya ɗaya, kuma bearing mai hanya biyu zai iya ɗaukar nauyin axial mai hanya biyu.
Babban Aikace-aikace:
Hanya ɗaya: ƙugiya mai lanƙwasa, juyawar mai.
Hanya biyu: wuyan injin niƙa mai birgima.
14.Bearings na ƙwallon zagaye tare da kujeru
Bearings ɗin ƙwallon zagaye da aka ɗora sun ƙunshi bearings na ƙwallon zagaye na waje tare da hatimi a ɓangarorin biyu da kuma gidaje na farantin ƙarfe da aka yi da siminti (ko kuma an buga su da ƙarfe). Tsarin ciki na bearings ɗin ƙwallon zagaye na waje iri ɗaya ne da na bearings ɗin ƙwallon zurfi, amma zoben ciki na wannan nau'in bearings ya fi faɗin zoben waje, kuma zoben waje yana da saman waje mai siffar zagaye, wanda za a iya daidaita shi da kansa idan aka daidaita shi da saman wurin zama mai siffar zagaye.
Manyan amfani: hakar ma'adinai, aikin ƙarfe, noma, masana'antar sinadarai, yadi, bugu da rini. jigilar injuna, da sauransu.
Lokacin Saƙo: Maris-31-2025
