Ilimin asali game da ɗaukar nauyi

A matsayin muhimmin ɓangare na injina na zamani, bearings ana amfani da su sosai. Duk mun san kuma mun san game da shi sosai.

BearingsGalibi suna ƙunshe da zobe na ciki, zobe na waje, abubuwan birgima da keji. Don bearings da aka rufe, ƙara mai da hatimi (ko garkuwa). Wannan shine abin da bearings suke nufi.

Dangane da yanayin aikin bearing, ana iya zaɓar nau'ikan bearings daban-daban don yin aiki mafi kyau na bearing da kuma tsawaita rayuwar bearing. Muna buƙatar la'akari da waɗannan abubuwan yayin zaɓar bearings:

Nauyin radial

Nauyin axial

Bukatun RPM

Gudun radial

Gudun axial

Zafin aiki

Bukatun hayaniya

Yanayin shafawa

 

Samfurin ɗaukar kaya gabaɗaya yana da lambar da aka riga aka saka, lambar asali da lambar gidan waya. Gabaɗaya, ana nuna alamar ɗaukar kaya ne kawai ta hanyar ƙirar asali. Samfurin asali gabaɗaya ya ƙunshi sassa uku, lambar nau'in, lambar girma da lambar diamita ta ciki. Lambar gidan waya ita ce amfani da haruffa da lambobi don nuna tsari, haƙuri da buƙatun musamman na kayan. Ana amfani da lambar prefix don nuna ƙananan sassan ɗaukar kaya, waɗanda aka nuna ta haruffa.

 

1. Sunan asali na lambar sirri

Ana amfani da lambar asali don nuna diamita na ciki, jerin diamita, jerin faɗi da nau'in bearing, gabaɗaya har zuwa lambobi biyar, kamar haka:

1) Ana nuna diamita na ciki na bearing ta lambar farko daga dama na lambar asali.

Diamita na ciki na bearing tare da diamita na ciki na d=20~480mm gabaɗaya iri ɗaya ne na 5, kuma waɗannan lambobi biyu suna wakiltar ƙimar girman diamita na ciki na bearing da aka raba da 5, kamar 04 yana nufin d=20mm; 12 yana nufin d=60mm da sauransu. Ga bearings masu diamita na ciki na 10mm, 12mm, 15mm da 17mm, lambobin diamita na ciki sune 00, 01, 02 da 03 bi da bi. Ga bearings masu diamita na ciki ƙasa da 10mm da sama da 500mm, an ƙayyade hanyar wakilcin diamita na ciki ta wata hanya, don Allah a duba GB/T272-93.

 

2) Jerin diamita na bearing (watau, jerin canje-canje a cikin diamita na waje da faɗin bearing mai tsari iri ɗaya da diamita na ciki iri ɗaya) an nuna shi ta lamba ta uku daga dama na lambar asali.

Misali, ga bearings na radial da bearings na radial, 0 da 1 suna nuna ƙarin jerin haske; 2 suna nuna jerin haske; 3 suna nuna matsakaicin jerin; 4 suna nuna jerin nauyi. Kwatanta girman tsakanin jerin an nuna shi a cikin hoton da ke ƙasa. Banda jerin ƙarin haske tare da 1, bearings na ture ya yi daidai da bayyanar bearings na radial.

3) Jerin faɗin bearing (watau, jerin canje-canje a faɗin bearing mai tsari iri ɗaya, diamita na ciki da diamita jerin) ana nuna su ta hanyar lamba ta huɗu daga dama na lambar asali.

Idan aka lissafa kwatancen jerin diamita na jerin faɗin Hoto na 13-4 a matsayin jerin 0 (jerin al'ada), ba za a iya yiwa lambar jerin faɗin O alama a cikin lambar don yawancin bearings ba, amma ga bearings na birgima mai siffar ƙwallo da bearings na birgima mai tauri, ya kamata a yiwa lambar jerin faɗin 0 alama. Lambobin jerin diamita da lambobin jerin faɗi gabaɗaya ana kiran su da lambobin jerin girma.

 

4) Lambar nau'in bearing tana wakiltar lamba ta biyar daga dama na lambar asali (ga bearings na birgima masu silinda da bearings na birgima masu silinda, lambar harafi ce).

 

2. Lambar gidan waya

Lambar akwatin gidan waya (post-code) ita ce amfani da haruffa da lambobi don nuna tsari, haƙuri da buƙatun musamman na kayan. Akwai abubuwa da yawa da ke cikin lambobin gidan waya, kuma ga wasu sunayen lambobin da aka saba amfani da su.

1) Lambar tsarin ciki ita ce ta nuna tsarin ciki daban-daban na irin wannan nau'in bearing, wanda aka nuna ta hanyar haruffa sannan lambar asali ta biyo baya. Misali, bearings na ƙwallon hulɗa mai kusurwa tare da kusurwoyin hulɗa na 15°, 25° da 40° ana wakilta su da C, AC da B don wakiltar bambancin tsarin ciki.

2) An raba matakin haƙuri na bearing zuwa maki 2, maki 4, maki 5, maki 6, maki 6X da maki 0, jimilla maki 6, daga sama zuwa ƙasa, kuma lambobinsu sune /PZ, /P4, /PS, /P6, /P6X da /PO. Daga cikin azuzuwan haƙuri, aji 6X yana aiki ne kawai ga bearings masu tauri; aji 0 aji ne na yau da kullun, wanda ba a yiwa alama a cikin lambar bearing ɗin ƙafafun ba.

3) Jerin bearing radial clearance da aka saba amfani da shi an raba shi zuwa rukuni 1, ƙungiyoyi 2, ƙungiyoyi 0, ƙungiyoyi 3, ƙungiyoyi 4 da ƙungiyoyi 5, jimillar ƙungiyoyi 6, kuma radial clearance daga ƙanana zuwa babba ne. Rukunin o clearance rukuni ne da aka saba amfani da shi, wanda ba a yiwa alama a cikin lambar bearing ba, kuma sauran ƙungiyoyin clearance ana wakilta su da /CI, /CZ, /C3, /C4 da /CS a cikin lambar bearing.

 

3. Lambar kafin lokaci

Ana amfani da sunan farko na bearing don nuna ƙananan sassan bearing, waɗanda aka nuna ta haruffa. Misali, ana amfani da L don wakiltar zoben da za a iya rabawa na bearing mai rabawa; K yana nuna abubuwan birgima da sassan keji na bearing, da sauransu.

 

Akwai nau'ikan bearings masu birgima da yawa a aikace-aikace na aiki, kuma lambobin bearings masu dacewa suma sun fi rikitarwa. Lambar da aka gabatar a sama ita ce mafi sauƙi kuma mafi yawan amfani da ita a cikin lambar bearings, kuma zaku iya gano da kuma duba bearings da aka saba amfani da su idan kun saba da wannan ɓangaren na lambar. Don cikakken hanyar lambar bearings masu birgima, da fatan za a duba GBT272.